The mother brought the child from England to Canada for a vacation and subsequently refused to return.
The father applied under the Hague Convention for the child's return.
The application judge dismissed the application, finding the child was habitually resident in Ontario and that returning her to England would create an intolerable situation.
On appeal, the Court of Appeal found the application judge erred in determining habitual residence by focusing on the mother's intentions and post-retention facts.
The Court also found the application judge set the threshold for an 'intolerable situation' too low.
The appeal was allowed and the child was ordered returned to England.