Nicholas A. Xynnis

The appellant appealed his sentence, arguing the sentencing judge erred by referencing a lack of evidence of effective community supervision without following the procedure set out in R. v. Nault.

The Court of Appeal noted the sentencing judge's approach was not in accord with Nault, but dismissed the appeal because the appellant was not a good candidate for a conditional sentence given his serious criminal record.

The sentence was found to be fit.

The appellant appealed convictions for sexual assault and sexual interference arising from allegations involving an eight-year-old complainant.

The principal issue was whether evidence of two prior sexual assaults on young children was admissible as similar fact evidence.

The majority held that the trial judge set the admissibility threshold too low by framing the issue too broadly, relying on generic similarities, failing to account for significant dissimilarities and remoteness in time, and underestimating moral prejudice.

The probative value did not outweigh the prejudicial effect, the conviction was set aside, and a new trial was ordered.

The appellant appealed his conviction and sentence.

He argued that the arresting officer lacked reasonable grounds for arrest because the informant did not reveal the source of their information.

The Court of Appeal dismissed the conviction appeal, holding that the trial judge correctly assessed the totality of the circumstances and that the informant's source is only one factor in that analysis.

The sentence appeal was also dismissed, as the imposition of consecutive sentences totaling 14 months was fit and revealed no error in principle.

The appellant appealed his conviction for possession of cocaine for the purpose of trafficking and his sentence.

He argued that the search warrant was invalid due to a defect in the copy and omissions in the information provided by confidential informants.

The Court of Appeal dismissed the conviction appeal, finding the warrant valid and the conviction supported by physical and expert evidence.

The sentence appeal was also dismissed, as the sentence was appropriate given the appellant's extensive record and a conditional sentence was not warranted.

The appellants, a mother and son, were convicted of assaulting the mother's nine-year-old daughter.

They appealed their convictions and sentences, arguing that the trial judge's conduct and comments during the trial created a reasonable apprehension of bias.

The Court of Appeal agreed, finding that the trial judge made improper favourable comments about Crown witnesses and improper negative comments about defence witnesses, including criticizing an accused for using an interpreter.

The appeals were allowed and a new trial was ordered.

The appellant appealed her custodial sentence for cocaine trafficking.

The trial judge had rejected a conditional sentence on the basis that general deterrence and denunciation required a custodial sentence.

Relying on the Supreme Court of Canada's decision in R. v. Proulx, the Court of Appeal held that general deterrence and denunciation can be met by a conditional sentence even in cocaine trafficking cases.

Given the appellant's full rehabilitation over four years on bail, the appeal was allowed and the sentence varied to a 13-month conditional sentence.

The appellant appealed a jury conviction for sexual assault and argued, among other grounds, that the trial judge failed to properly investigate allegations that jurors had communicated with the officer-in-charge during trial.

The Court of Appeal held that both actual fairness and the appearance of fairness required a fuller inquiry into the allegation.

Because the witness was not permitted to explain an inconsistency and the officer should at least have been called to testify, the inquiry was incomplete and inconclusive.

The resulting appearance of unfairness required that the conviction be set aside and a new trial ordered.

The appellants challenged an order dismissing their application to quash committals to stand trial arising from a bank robbery prosecution based entirely on circumstantial evidence.

The Court of Appeal applied the strict test governing review of a committal and held there was no scintilla of evidence on the element of identity.

The purported clothing nexus between one appellant and one robber failed because the descriptions contained a material dissimilarity, leaving only resemblance, suspicion, and speculation.

The appeal was allowed and the orders to stand trial were quashed on all charges.

The Crown appealed a decision of the Ontario Court of Appeal that had allowed the accused's appeal and ordered a new trial.

The issue was whether the trial judge erred in excluding cross-examination of the complainant on a collateral matter tendered solely for credibility.

The Supreme Court of Canada allowed the appeal and restored the convictions, holding that the trial judge properly exercised his discretion.

The Court found that the relevance of the proposed evidence was tenuous and its potential for prejudice and misleading the jury was significant.