Joseph Groia

This decision concerns the costs arising from the dismissal of the plaintiff's motion for leave to commence a secondary market securities class action and to certify the action.

The defendants sought substantial indemnity costs, while the plaintiff argued for partial indemnity and a discount due to the alleged novel and public interest nature of the litigation.

The court awarded partial indemnity costs of $693,805.39, finding no basis for substantial indemnity as there was no reprehensible conduct or unproven fraud allegations.

The court also rejected the argument for a discount under s. 31(1) of the Class Proceedings Act, concluding that the issues were not novel or of broad public interest, particularly as they had been previously litigated.

A minor deduction was made for online research disbursements.

The applicants sought leave to appeal an arbitral award that dismissed their claims against former employees for breach of a non-solicitation clause and breach of confidence.

The applicants alleged the arbitrator committed several errors of law, including finding that responding to a Request for Proposal did not constitute solicitation and failing to find a breach of confidence.

The court dismissed the motion for leave to appeal, finding that the alleged errors were either questions of mixed fact and law or not errors of law, and would not significantly affect the rights of the parties.

The plaintiff sought leave to bring a statutory secondary market misrepresentation claim under the Securities Act and to certify a class action for both statutory and common law negligent misrepresentation claims.

The claims arose from the defendant mining company's alleged failure to immediately disclose a pit wall instability and subsequent rock slide at its Chilean copper mine.

The court dismissed the motion for leave, finding no reasonable possibility of success that the events constituted a 'change' to the company's business, operations, or capital, as they were inherent mining risks managed in the ordinary course.

The court also dismissed the certification motion for the common law claim, holding that individual issues of reliance made a class proceeding unmanageable and not the preferable procedure.

The appellant, Detour Gold Corporation, brought an unopposed motion for leave to file a five-page reply factum.

The Court of Appeal granted the motion, using the opportunity to critique the current appellate rules that necessitate such motions.

The judge advocated for an automatic right to file brief reply factums to enhance written advocacy, improve judicial preparation, and reduce unnecessary litigation costs, highlighting a procedural gap in both civil and criminal appellate rules.

The moving defendants brought a motion for summary judgment to enforce a settlement agreement reached with the plaintiffs.

The plaintiffs argued the settlement lacked certainty and that the court should exercise its discretion not to enforce it, particularly because one plaintiff was a party under disability.

The court found that an objective reading of the communications between counsel established a binding agreement to settle.

The court also found the settlement was in the best interests of the party under disability and declined to exercise its discretion to set aside the agreement, noting the plaintiffs' remedy for any alleged bad advice lay against their former counsel.

The motion to enforce the settlement was granted.

The Professional Centre brought a motion for summary judgment against The Ottawa Hospital concerning the interpretation of parking provisions in a 49-year lease and related Memorandum of Agreement.

The Professional Centre alleged breaches regarding the availability of 250 parking spaces, remittance of revenue from 40 parking spaces, and unauthorized use of encroaching parking spaces and an access road.

The Hospital denied any breach, asserting it exercised contractual discretion in good faith.

The court dismissed all of the Professional Centre's claims, finding no breach of the lease, that the Hospital had an implied easement over the access road, and that the Professional Centre failed to prove damages, including a high vacancy rate, were caused by the alleged parking issues.

The defendants sought leave to appeal an order granting the plaintiffs leave to amend their statement of claim, arguing the new claims were statute-barred.

The Divisional Court dismissed the motion for leave to appeal, clarifying that because the motions judge did not finally dispose of the limitations defence, the order was interlocutory.

The defendants remain free to plead the limitations defence in response to the amended claim at trial.

The appellant, a former senior compliance manager at Toronto-Dominion Bank (TD Bank), appealed the dismissal of her application for lack of standing.

She sought to uncover and remedy alleged regulatory infractions and trust breaches by TD Bank in its mutual fund administration, claiming unjust enrichment and wrongful dismissal.

The motion judge dismissed her application, finding she lacked standing.

The Court of Appeal dismissed the appeal, affirming that the court's inherent jurisdiction to supervise trusts does not negate standing requirements, that the private interest standing test (requiring a personal and direct interest) was correctly applied, and that the appellant failed to plead facts establishing such standing, including as a constructive trustee.

The court also rejected the argument that public interest standing principles should inform private interest standing or that her whistleblower status conferred standing for private litigation.

Marian Carroll, a former TD employee, brought an application seeking an order to compel The Toronto-Dominion Bank and its subsidiaries (TD Waterhouse Private Investment Counsel Inc. and TD Asset Management Inc., as Trustees of the TD Mutual Funds Trust and TD Private Funds Trust) to pass their accounts, alleging misconduct and breaches of trust.

The Respondents moved to strike the application for lack of standing.

The court found that Carroll lacked private interest standing as she was not a beneficiary or unitholder and had no direct financial interest in the trusts.

The court also rejected public interest standing, concluding that the application was not a reasonable and effective means to bring the matter before the court, given other available avenues for beneficiaries and regulatory bodies.

The Respondents' motion to strike was granted, and Carroll's application was dismissed with costs.

The plaintiff, Tracks & Wheels Equipment Brokers Inc., sought summary judgment for specific performance of options to purchase real property.

The defendant, KKP Investments Inc., brought a cross-motion to dismiss or stay the action as an abuse of process and for payment of rent.

The court dismissed the plaintiff's motion for partial summary judgment due to the risk of duplicative or inconsistent findings with a related "Main Action" and because it was not advisable in the context of the litigation as a whole.

The defendant's motion to dismiss or stay was also dismissed, as the court found the plaintiff's new action was a matter of form over substance given prior settlement attempts.

The defendant's request for interim rent was withdrawn.

Both actions were ordered to be tried together.

The plaintiffs in a class action sought court approval for a settlement agreement with certain defendants, class counsel fees and disbursements, and honorariums for the representative plaintiffs.

The settlement amount was $37 million.

The court approved the settlement, finding it fair and reasonable given the litigation risks, including dissolved corporate entities and limitations issues.

The court also approved the 30% contingency fee for class counsel and $50,000 honorariums for each representative plaintiff, recognizing their exceptional involvement and exposure to costs.

The appellants appealed a decision finding they had oppressed the respondent shareholder in a closely-held family corporation and ordering them to purchase her shares for $4.25 million.

The appellants argued the application judge erred by not directing a trial, by finding oppression despite the respondent's alleged misconduct in a related family dispute, and by improperly mixing and matching expert valuation evidence.

The Divisional Court dismissed the appeal, holding that a trial was unnecessary under the Hryniak principles, that the alleged family misconduct was irrelevant to the corporate duties owed, and that the application judge properly chose between competing expert methodologies to determine fair value.

The appellant, an investment advisor, appealed a trial decision dismissing his claim for additional compensation under a letter agreement.

The trial judge found the agreement ambiguous regarding its application to Capital Markets transactions and relied on the parties' subsequent conduct to conclude it did not apply.

The Court of Appeal dismissed the appeal, holding that while subsequent conduct is not part of the factual matrix, it is admissible to resolve ambiguity.

The trial judge made no extricable error of law in finding ambiguity and properly weighed the appellant's subsequent conduct, which was overwhelmingly consistent with the respondent's interpretation.

The appellant sought leave to bring a class action for secondary market misrepresentation under the Securities Act, alleging the respondent company's public disclosures overstated mining resources and inflated its share price.

The motion judge dismissed the leave application and the certification motion, finding the appellant's expert evidence was completely undermined by the respondent's evidence.

On appeal, the appellant argued the motion judge applied an overly strict test by weighing the evidence.

The Court of Appeal dismissed the appeal, holding that the statutory leave test requires a reasoned consideration and weighing of all evidence proffered by both parties to ensure the action has a reasonable possibility of success.

The moving party sought to lift a stay of proceedings previously granted by the Court of Appeal on the basis of forum non conveniens.

Following the stay, the moving party's attempt to pursue a class action in the United States for pre-explosion misrepresentations was dismissed on procedural grounds, and the responding party conceded the claim was governed by Ontario law.

The Court of Appeal found these new developments constituted facts arising after the order that justified lifting the stay to avoid an injustice, allowing the moving party to proceed with the claim in Ontario.

The plaintiffs commenced an action in Ontario seeking $400 million in damages and served the defendants in Guatemala, a non-Hague Convention state, in accordance with Ontario's Rules of Civil Procedure.

The defendants appealed the validation of service, arguing that Rule 17.05(2) must be interpreted in accordance with customary international law and comity, which would require service to comply with Guatemalan law.

The Court of Appeal dismissed the appeal, holding that service under Rule 17.05(2) does not violate Guatemalan sovereignty or international law, and that the rule provides a clear choice of service methods that rebuts any presumption of conformity with foreign law.

Following an earlier decision requiring certain respondents to purchase the applicant’s shares in a corporation for $4.25 million, the court determined the appropriate costs award.

The applicant had served a Rule 49 offer to settle that was lower than the judgment amount and sought substantial indemnity costs from the date of the offer.

The court considered the extensive litigation history, overlapping issues involving two related corporate interests, and the respondents’ conduct that complicated document production and valuation.

Applying the Rule 57.01 factors and recognizing the respondents’ obstructive conduct, the court fixed substantial indemnity costs for fees and taxes and allowed claimed disbursements and expert valuation expenses in full.

Following dismissal of an employee’s action alleging multiple breaches of an employment agreement, the employer sought costs of the action.

The employer relied on earlier offers to settle and argued it should receive substantial indemnity costs after the first refused offer.

The court held that elevated costs outside Rule 49.10 require reprehensible or egregious conduct by the opposing party.

Finding no such conduct and noting the action was hard fought but not frivolous, the court declined substantial indemnity costs and instead awarded a reduced amount under Rule 57.01.

Following dismissal of a proposed securities class action leave motion under s. 138.8 of the Securities Act and certification under the Class Proceedings Act, the court determined the appropriate costs award.

The successful defendants sought nearly $900,000 based on partial recovery of actual legal fees, while the plaintiff argued for a substantially reduced award grounded in access-to-justice concerns.

The court held that the costs protocol developed for certification motions does not apply to leave motions, which function as a robust merits-based screening mechanism and often involve extensive evidentiary records.

Applying the hourly rate grid and Rule 57.01 factors, the court reduced certain disbursements but rejected the plaintiff’s lower estimate.

The court fixed all-inclusive costs at $500,000 payable to the defendants.

The applicant brought an oppression application against her father and brother, alleging they conducted the family business in an oppressive manner.

The applicant was secretly removed as a director of the corporation, denied financial information, and pressured to sell her shares at a dictated price.

The court found the respondents' conduct was abusive, coercive, and unfairly disregarded the applicant's reasonable expectations as a shareholder and director.

The court ordered the respondents to purchase the applicant's shares at a fair value of $4.25 million, declining to apply a minority discount.