William Goss

The appellant union challenged the employer's unilaterally imposed mandatory random alcohol testing policy at a paper mill.

The arbitration board allowed the grievance, finding the policy unjustified absent evidence of a workplace alcohol problem.

On judicial review, the board's decision was set aside, and the New Brunswick Court of Appeal dismissed the union's appeal.

The Supreme Court of Canada (6-3) allowed the appeal, holding the arbitration board's decision was reasonable.

The majority found the board properly applied the established arbitral "balancing of interests" test, which requires evidence of enhanced safety risks to justify random testing.

The dissent would have found the board's decision unreasonable for departing from the arbitral consensus on the evidentiary threshold without explanation.

The appellants claimed a sales tax exemption under s. 11(o) of the Social Services and Education Tax Act for machinery and apparatus used in their oil refinery expansion.

The Minister had never issued a definition of the exempt machinery and apparatus as contemplated by the Act.

The Court of Appeal held that no exemption could be granted without a ministerial definition.

The Supreme Court of Canada allowed the appeal, holding that in the absence of a ministerial definition, the exemption applies to all machinery and apparatus coming within the class specified in the Act, as the class is sufficiently described to be ascertainable.