B.A. (Honours), Economics -- Queen's University (1991). Graduated with the highest standing in the Faculty of Arts and was awarded the Prince of Wales Prize, given to the graduating honours student with the best academic record.
M.Phil., Economics -- University of Oxford, St. John's College (1993). Attended as a Rhodes Scholar (Ontario, 1991).
LL.B. -- University of Toronto Faculty of Law (1996). Graduated as gold medalist, receiving the Angus MacMurchy Gold Medal, awarded to the student in the graduating class with the highest cumulative average.