The accused, Gerri Carvalho, faced charges of drug possession and possession for the purpose of trafficking, with the trial blended with a Charter application challenging the legality of the initial police stop (s.9) and subsequent search (s.8).
The court found the initial stop was lawful due to dangerous driving, dismissing the s.9 application.
However, the s.8 application was granted, as inconsistencies in police testimony regarding the presence of a scale and marijuana shake meant that the smell of marijuana alone was insufficient to establish reasonable and probable grounds for the search.
Applying the R. v. Grant factors under s.24(2), the court admitted the seized evidence, citing the good faith of the officer, the low expectation of privacy in a rental vehicle, and society's interest in adjudication on the merits.
Ultimately, Carvalho was found guilty of simple possession of ecstasy and cocaine found on his person, but not guilty of the charges related to drugs found in the vehicle, as the Crown failed to prove knowledge and control beyond a reasonable doubt.