The plaintiff, a lawyer, brought a motion for default judgment against two defendants for defamation.
The defendants, co-owners in a Costa Rican condominium, sent emails to other owners alleging theft, dishonesty, and unethical behavior by the plaintiff, who was the HOA President.
Both defendants were noted in default.
The court established jurisdiction based on attornment (for one defendant) and the real and substantial connection test (for both, as defamatory emails were received in Ontario).
The court found the statements defamatory, referring to the plaintiff, and published.
Damages were assessed, considering the plaintiff's professional standing, the seriousness and widespread nature of the allegations, the defendants' lack of retraction or apology, and their malicious conduct, including attempts to deter litigation.
General, aggravated, and punitive damages were awarded against each defendant, along with costs.