Amedeo Clivio

The applicants, citizens of Hungary of Roma ethnicity, sought judicial review of a Refugee Protection Division decision rejecting their refugee protection application.

They alleged fear of a gang extorting them and police refusal to help.

The RPD found they failed to rebut the presumption of state protection because they did not report incidents to police, and found a viable internal flight alternative.

The Federal Court held the RPD's conclusions on state protection and internal flight alternative were reasonable and dismissed the application.

The applicant, a 71-year-old citizen of Russia, sought judicial review of a visa officer's refusal of her application for a temporary resident visa to visit her son in Canada.

The visa officer refused the application on the basis of insufficient funds and lack of ties to her home country.

The Federal Court allowed the application for judicial review, finding the visa officer's decision unreasonable because the GCMS notes lacked sufficient justification for concluding the applicant's son could not support her or that her ties to Russia were insufficient.