The applicant, a registered representative, sought a review of an IIROC decision finding he facilitated off-book share purchases for two clients without his firm's knowledge and approval.
The central issue was whether the purchasers were 'clients' at the time of the transactions.
The Commission applied a contextual approach, finding that the applicant gave investment advice, directed the transaction through his firm, and the purchasers reasonably believed they were clients.
The Commission concluded the IIROC panel correctly found a client relationship existed and dismissed the application for review.