The parties separated and the mother was granted custody of their child, subject to an agreement not to relocate outside Quebec.
The mother subsequently moved to France with the child and refused to return.
The father applied for a change of custody, which was initially dismissed but granted on appeal.
The mother appealed to the Supreme Court of Canada.
The Court dismissed the appeal, holding that the mother's conduct in flaunting court orders and placing herself beyond the reach of the law left the courts with no alternative but to award custody to the father based on the available evidence.
