ONTARIO COURT OF JUSTICE
DATE: 2025-05-13
COURT FILE No.: Central West Region 998 23 21101422
BETWEEN:
His Majesty the King
— AND —
Victoria Bakker
Before Justice J. De Filippis
Heard on January 3 & April 28, 2025
Reasons for Sentence released on May 13, 2025
Counsel:
Mr. H. Limheng — counsel for the Crown
Mr. M. Bury — counsel for the accused
INTRODUCTION
[1] What is the right sentence when an otherwise good person suddenly commits a crime that results in catastrophe?
[2] Victoria Bakker caused the death of a boy, Lucas Thomas, and bodily harm to his mother, Rosalie Thomas. The impact of this event on others, especially the family of Lucas Thomas, is devastating. Victoria Bakker pleaded guilty. Her remorse is genuine and substantial. Her suffering cannot be compared to that of those who love Lucas Thomas, but it is significant and long lasting.
[3] The sentence I impose cannot bring back Lucas Thomas. Moreover, I doubt that any of the sentence options available to me can do much to ease the pain experienced by all concerned. The gift of healing, which I hope, in time, will come, will happen through strong family bonds and faith. I have this hope because of the evidence before me at the sentence hearing in this matter.
[4] What I can do – it is my duty – is to impose a sentence that accords with the fundamental principles set out in the Criminal Code and the guidance provided by other Courts in similar tragic cases. These reasons explain why I conclude that the right sentence is two years (less one day) of house arrest, community service work, and a seven-year driving prohibition.
THE OFFENCE
[5] The following is the agreed statement of facts in this matter:
This document forms the factual basis for the guilty plea of Victoria Bakker (DOB: May 4, 1991, 31 years old at time of incident) to 1 count of Dangerous Operation of a Conveyance causing Death contrary to section 320.13(3) of the Criminal Code and 1 count of Dangerous Operation of Conveyance causing Bodily Harm contrary to section 320.13(2) of the Criminal Code arising from events that occurred on March 30, 2023.
On March 30, 2023, at approximately 5:30pm, Victoria Bakker was operating a Jeep Wrangler motor vehicle eastbound on the Queen Elizabeth Highway (QEW). Ms Bakker’s Jeep drove directly into the rear of a 2017 Honda CRV being operated by Rosalie Thomas, and containing passengers 10 year old twins Lucas and Ethan Thomas. As a result of the collision, the Thomas motor vehicle spun uncontrollably into the rear of a 2019 Honda CRV being operated by April Canning. Rosalie Thomas received serious injuries as a result of the collision. Lucas Thomas died as a result of injuries caused by the collision. April Canning received minor injuries.
Approximate alignment at impact between the Jeep Wrangler and 2017 Honda CR-V based on photos taken with the UAV.
Approximate collision sequence of the 2017 Honda CR-V.
The QEW in this location, near Tufford Road in the Town of Lincoln, is a 3-lane highway, with posted speed limit of 110km/h. At the time of the collision, the weather was clear, and roadway dry. Traffic was heavy and slowing as a result of normal volume of vehicles at this time of day.
An analysis of the internal crash-data recording device of the vehicles showed that prior to the collision, the Thomas and Canning vehicles were braking and slowing in accordance with the speed and level of traffic on the highway. The Thomas vehicle was travelling 22km/h and the Canning vehicle was travelling 9km/h.
The analysis for the Bakker vehicle showed it was travelling 123km/h prior to the collision. There is no evidence of any braking or evasive activity from the Bakker vehicle prior to the collision.
There is no evidence of any mechanical or roadway defect that contributed to this collision.
Victoria Bakker told police that she was on a handsfree phone call when another call came in. She was attempting to put the incoming call through to voicemail prior to collision. As a result, Victoria Bakker failed to recognize the slowing traffic ahead and took no steps to avoid or mitigate the collision.
By driving above highway speeds, and failing to maintain proper attention to the roadway, and taking no steps to avoid the collision, Victoria Bakker’s driving conduct was dangerous to others on the roadway, a marked departure from a driver in the circumstances, and the significant contributing cause to injuries to Rosalie Thomas and the death of Lucas Thomas.
THE VICTIMS
[6] Eleven individuals prepared victim impact statements. All but one chose to personally read them in the packed courtroom. When a person is tragically killed there is often an understandable instinct for vengeance. That was not what I heard. What I heard was the anguish and sorrow of these eleven victims. I will do my best to summarize these powerful statements.
[7] Rosalie Thomas is the mother of Lucas Thomas. The first few paragraphs of her statement capture the enormity her suffering:
There is no way to truly express the depth of my pain, the weight of my grief, or the permanent hole that has been left in my heart. My life, my family's life, and everything we once knew has been shattered beyond repair.
Physically, I endured a fractured neck and rib, injuries that required hospitalization, physiotherapy, and chiropractic care. But the physical pain is nothing compared to the emotional suffering I endure every single day. I cannot drive on highways anymore. I've had panic attacks causing me to have to turn around and go home. I am forced to take a lower-paying job close to home because my independence was stolen from me. Even the simplest things-things I once took for granted-have become a struggle.
But the hardest part is the loss of my son, Lucas.
There is no greater pain than losing a child. It is a grief that has no end, no relief, and no way to fix what has been broken. My life will forever be divided into two parts: before and after. Before, when Lucas was here, when our family was whole. And after-this endless, hollow existence where nothing feels complete.
[8] Robert Thomas is the father of Lucas Thomas. He described the impact on a family member that need not be repeated here for privacy reasons. His statement also included these comments:
The moment that my son Lucas was taken from us, I felt the very essence of my life shatter. A piece of me died that night, and nothing-nothing-has been the same since. Lucas wasn't just my son. His laughter, his curiosity, his energy-these were the things that filled our home with life. He was my little boy, my pride and joy, and losing him has left an emptiness that I will never be able to fill.
The accident caused by Ms. Bakker, which took the life of my son, Lucas, has devastated our family in ways that words can hardly capture….
I will never be the same. I miss Lucas every second of every day.
My hope is that we can move forward as my smart daughter once said to me, although we can never move on. Lucas will be a part of our lives forever, just not in the way we wanted.
[9] Caitlyn Thomas is the sister of Lucas Thomas. She told me the following:
March 30, 2023, was the day my life changed forever. A part of me will always be missing-one that can never be replaced. Not a single day goes by that I don't think about my brother, Lucas, and how much I miss him. In his short time on this earth, he touched so many lives, and no matter what, he will always be a part of me.
No matter how much time passes, the loss will always be there. But so will my love for him.
[10] Ethan Thomas is the twin brother of Lucas Thomas. He is 12 years old. He read his statement to me, including the following:
The day of the accident was the worst day of my life. That day I lost my brother, Lucas Thomas, and he was my best friend. We were very close and we did everything together….
I'm scared of dying and of mom and dad dying. I don't want anyone else to die but I think I will be next because I am the second child. I think of mom and dad dying each day and it scares me.
I am helping mom and dad feel more comfortable and I am there for them. I have to teach mom and dad to have dreams of Lucas (my brother) because it will make them feel better and maybe even feel like he is still alive. At night having dreams of Lucas is what makes me happy and I want mom and dad to be happy too. When mom and dad have dreams about Lucas, I want them to feel the same way that I do - feeling like Lucas is still alive and with us. I have dreams about Lucas all the time.
I miss Lucas a lot and I will never have a best friend like him ever again.
[11] Helen Pelzer is oma to the Thomas children. Her statement was read by their opa. These are the grandparents. Ms. Pelzer wrote that one is never prepared for the telephone call we received that their daughter had been in a car accident…[and]…. the emotional trauma is daily, as we no longer have Lucas with us….We think of Lucas constantly – he will never be forgotten and we have that HOPE we will see him again”.
[12] Kevin Krestinski and Lisa Pelzer are uncle and aunt to the Thomas children. Having no children of their own, they were overjoyed when the twins were born. The boys became the centre of their family. They described the traumatic events of the day when Lucas Thomas died. Mr. Krestinski said it has been extremely painful and that he thinks of his nephew every day. He concluded as follows: “We rest in the promises of our loving God that you are way better than we could ever be here on earth. We miss you sweet boy. All that you were was simply amazing. You are deeply loved”. Ms. Pelzer added these comments:
The emotional trauma of the death of Lucas was too much for me to bear. I could not work for 5 months, I could not eat, I had constant pain in my stomach, my hair started to fall out, the stress of his death took a huge emotional toll on me. Social settings were extremely difficult to be a part of and I lost friendships during this time. Grief changes everything. I continue to feel like I am in a terrible dream, hoping that I will wake up and it is all not true. However, it is true, and I have to live with his loss every day. Through counselling and much prayer, I have learned how to live with this loss. What a horrible reality that is.
Lucas was so smart, sweet, silly and sneaky all rolled into one. There will never be another boy like him. It is so unfair that Lucas is not with us today. A senseless act has taken him away from us and I will miss him forever.
[13] Jacqueline Thomas and Ian Thomas are aunt and uncle to the Thomas children. Ms. Thomas said that “Lucas’ death has had a profound and lasting impact on our family”. I will not repeat the impact on one family member for privacy reasons. Her husband, Mr. Thomas added these comments:
Trying to support my brother through something no parent should ever have to endure has had a profound emotional impact on me. It has changed how I view life, how I interact with my own children and how I approach each day. Even now, months later, just thinking about that night can bring me to tears.
I often think of Lucas. His absence is still so deeply felt. I continue to be there for my brother-always a set of ears when he needs to talk. The struggle of losing Lucas is one that never goes away. It's something we carry, quietly but constantly, every day.
[14] April Canning was the driver of the second motor vehicle involved in the collision. Her daughter was in the vehicle. Ms. Canning provided a detailed account of the impact of the terrible event. She noted that,
“[t]his accident has changed me in every imaginable way. Physically, emotionally, professionally, socially. I am not who I used to be. I live each day with anxiety, sadness, fear, and an overwhelming sense of loss. I grieve for the boy who passed away, for his family, and for the parts of myself and my life and daughter that were taken from us on that day.” Ms. Canning has also suffered financially because of lost employment opportunities and medical bills.
[15] Jennifer DeCoff is the Principal at St. Mark Catholic Elementary School. She described how the news of Lucas Thomas’ death profoundly affected the school community. To honour his memory it was decided to create a garden in front of the school, made possible by $20,000 in donations. Ms. DeCoff reported that,
On Friday, June 21, Lucas' Garden was blessed by Father Paul McNeil, with the Thomas family, Lucas' classmates, chaplains, and staff in attendance. This space is used daily by many children, and I hear their laughter while playing, just as Lucas would have.
THE OFFENDER
[16] A presentence report was prepared with respect to Ms. Bakker. Ms. Bakker is 33 years old. She had a good childhood in a family that has always been close. Christian values and religion were a significant part of her upbringing. She does not consume illicit drugs and may have alcohol once or twice a month.
[17] Ms. Bakker has been in a romantic relationship with Scott Pocock for six years. There are no children. She works two days a week as a hairstylist and three days a week as a dental hygienist. Ms. Bakker has the strong support of a large group of family and friends. In addition, she relies on psychotherapy services to address her feelings of guilt and anxiety.
[18] Ms. Bakker does not have a prior criminal record. She has seven prior provincial offences; two related to motor vehicle insurance and five for speeding within a range of between 10 and 15 kilometres per hour over the legal limit.
[19] The author of the presentence report made the following observations:
The subject accepted full responsibility for her actions in relation to the offences currently before the Court and it was clear the accident had a major impact on Ms. Bakker. The subject became visibly upset when expressing her regret and sadness and noted “if she could, she would go back and change the events of that day”. Ms. Bakker recognized the victim’s family’s profound loss and the immense grief the family is going through. The subject wished “she could take away the family’s pain” and acknowledged she too will carry the mental and emotional consequences of the accident for the rest of her life.
The subject doesn’t appear to have unstructured free time as she maintains full-time employment as a dental hygienist and hairstylist, while operating her own small business and working occasionally for her family’s nursery.
Ms. Bakker has no significant issues or particular needs that would indicate a risk of her committing another criminal offence in the future. While the subject is deemed a suitable candidate for community supervision, it is assessed that Ms. Bakker would not benefit from or require any services Probation and Parole could provide at this time. Instead, it appears the subject could benefit from continued participation in one-to-one counselling with a psychotherapist to address the guilt and consequences associated with the incident before the Court.
[20] Thirty-two people wrote letters in support of Ms. Bakker. They include her family, friends, and co-workers. All describe a person, known to most as Tori, as a person of good character, who is kind, loyal, and industrious. She is the favourite aunt to many nieces and nephews. The few excerpts below convey the sentiments of all with respect to the impact of this terrible event on her.
[21] John Bakker is the father of Victoria Bakker. He noted that his son brought his daughter to his home after the collision and reported the following:
I cannot begin to explain the grief and sorrow at that time. When she later learned that the child she saw taken from the accident had died, she was inconsolable. For a long time, she was unable to speak to anyone. For many weeks she would stay in bed weeping. This grief has not left Tori, it never will. A life has been lost of the child who died in this accident, but life has also been lost in my daughter Tori. Her grief will go on. Tori says that she is willing to deal with whatever punishment she is given as a result of this accident. I believe this too is because of her character, a willingness to suffer for another. But I would ask that consideration be given to the punishment that she has already been given. One that she will live with forever.
I know that we cannot bring comfort to the family who has lost their son, and I cannot begin to imagine the great sorrow. But I do understand the love a parent has for a child and I do know the grief a parent goes through when you see your child broken by what has happened.
It is my understanding that this family knows who their Lord and Savior is and it is my hope that He will be the one to give them hope. For that is the only true solution to the brokenness we face.
[22] Renee Bakker is the mother of Victoria Bakker. She noted that:
It was a shock to learn of the horrific accident Tori was involved in and later learning that a young boy had lost his life. The horror Tori felt at that moment I can only describe as inconsolable, distraught and guilt ridden. She stayed at our house for over a week. She couldn't sleep, couldn't work, she felt worthless. This has had a profound effect on her.
I can not imagine and don't want to minimize what it's like to lose a child and what the family has and is going through. I truly am so sorry for their loss. It is my prayer that this family over time will find healing and forgiveness from the loss of their son. There is not a day that goes by that Tori doesn't think about all that has happened and feels such regret.
In my eyes, Tori is already serving a life sentence….
[23] Brenda Thomson is a retired dental hygienist who has known Victoria Bakker for several years and is the mother of her partner. She described the offender as “a sweet and gentle soul” and added that the “depth of her remorse, her regret, will be forever life changing”.
[24] Lucy D’Addario Belchoir has known Victoria Bakker for many years. She wrote as follows:
Professionally, I serve as the Regional Director for Children Services at the YMCA of Niagara. I have worked as a leader with the YMCA for my 31 years of employment. I am deeply connected to the Niagara community especially our elementary schools in the region. I have been involved with St. Mark School, for over 20 years. I remember the day I heard about the accident which resulted in the heartbreaking loss of a child who attended St. Mark School, almost a day later, I was heartbroken again, when I learned the accident also involved Tori. The impact of this loss on the school community has been profound. The beautiful front garden was created in loving remembrance of the child, serving as a constant tribute to his life. As a mother of two, I can only imagine how devastating it is to lose a child. This is a tragedy, but an additional tragedy would be to forget about Tori, as a child of a wonderful family as well.
When the accident occurred, Tori was completely forthcoming about what happened. She did not attempt to make excuses or shift blame, as some might have done. She could have cited external factors such as the sun in her eyes or a sneezing episode, but she did not. Tori's honesty and responsibility are cornerstones of her character, and she has fully acknowledged the tragic outcome of the accident. She now faces the burden of that event, which is a heavy emotional toll to bear.
[25] Before this matter was taken under reserve, Ms. Bakker apologized to the victims and others present in Court. She began to cry and was unable to say more.
SUBMISSIONS
[26] The Crown suggests that the range of sentence in this matter is two to four years in the penitentiary and submits that a two-year jail sentence, along with a seven-year driving prohibition, for Ms. Bakker accounts for the mitigating circumstances. Counsel acknowledges that the offender is a good person apart from this horrible incident and that the only sentencing principles at play in this case are denunciation and general deterrence.
[27] The Crown points out that Ms. Bakker was driving on a busy highway and indifferent to what was going on in front of her and was speeding “albeit slightly over the limit”. Moreover her “modest driving record” may indicate a “cavalier attitude about the rules [of the road]”. Counsel adds that the mitigating facts – the guilty plea, remorse, and strong family support – does not diminish Ms. Bakker’s moral blameworthiness.
[28] The Crown filed statistics that show an increase, over the past 10 years, in non-impaired dangerous driving causing death and bodily harm cases. Driving is a highly regulated activity. It is a privilege that requires care and judgement. Counsel added that the 2018 amendments to the Criminal Code signal Parliament’s intention that sentences in these cases should increase.
[29] The Crown acknowledges that a conditional sentence order (CSO) is available for these offences. While opposing such a disposition, counsel submits that if it is imposed, it should be for the maximum period, along with community service and a twelve-year driving prohibition.
[30] The Defence submits that a CSO in the range of eighteen months to two years less one day (the maximum) is appropriate, along with community service and a driving prohibition up to three- and one-half years. In support of this submission, counsel reviewed the “positive” presentence report and the letters of reference and emphasized the mitigating factors and significant impact of this event on the offender.
ANALYSIS
[31] In imposing sentence, I am guided by Part XXIII of the Criminal Code. Section 718.1 is especially important: “A sentence must be proportionate to the gravity of the offence and the degree of responsibility of the offender”.
[32] Doherty J.A. of the Court of Appeal for Ontario stated in R. v. Hamilton, 2004 ONCA 5549 that:
[90] The "gravity of the offence" refers to the seriousness of the offence in a generic sense as reflected by the potential penalty imposed by Parliament and any specific features of the commission of the crime which may tend to increase or decrease the harm or risk of harm to the community occasioned by the offence….
[91] The "degree of responsibility of the offender" refers to the offender's culpability as reflected in the essential substantive elements of the offence -- especially the fault component -- and any specific aspects of the offender's conduct or background that tend to increase or decrease the offender's personal responsibility for the crime….
[92] In R. v. Priest ….Rosenberg J.A. described the proportionality requirement in this way:
The principle of proportionality is rooted in notions of fairness and justice. For the sentencing court to do justice to the particular offender, the sentence imposed must reflect the seriousness of the offence, the degree of culpability of the offender, and the harm occasioned by the offence. The court must have regard to the aggravating and mitigating factors in the particular case. Careful adherence to the proportionality principle ensures that this offender is not unjustly dealt with for the sake of the common good.
[93] Fixing a sentence that is consistent with s. 718.1 is particularly difficult where the gravity of the offence points strongly in one sentencing direction and the culpability of the individual offender points strongly in a very different sentencing direction. The sentencing judge must fashion a disposition from among the limited options available which take both sides of the proportionality inquiry into account. As indicated in Priest, supra, factors which may accentuate the gravity of the crime cannot blind the trial judge to factors mitigating personal responsibility. Equally, factors mitigating personal responsibility cannot justify a disposition that unduly minimizes the seriousness of the crime committed.
[33] Crown and Defence counsel brought many cases to my attention to assist in this most difficult matter. I have read them. No two cases are identical. Most are distinguishable. The following ones are similar, but the results differ. This reflects how fact driven sentencing is in such cases. Indeed, the Court of Appeal for Ontario, recently noted in R. v. Lojovic, 2025 ONCA 319 that, “The circumstances of these types of offences vary significantly and each sentence must be tailored to the specific circumstances of each case”.
[34] In cases similar to the present one, jail sentences were imposed in R. v. Vaziri, [2004] O.J. No. 327 (fifteen months and a five year driving prohibition) and R. v. Kirkpatrick, 2018 ONCJ 208 (14 months and a two year driving prohibition). A CSO was imposed in R. v. Hutchison, 2022 ONCJ 276 (the maximum and a ten year driving prohibition), R. v. He, 2022 ONSC 2100 (18 months and a three and one-half year driving prohibition) and R. v. Beedawia, 2024 ONSC 3247 (the maximum and a three year driving prohibition).
[35] I note the following comments in R. v. Beedawia:
[45] I acknowledge that the 2018 legislative amendments were intended as a clear direction to trial judges that the range of sentence for convictions for dangerous driving offences must increase. However, had Parliament intended to remove the availability of a conditional sentence altogether, it would have done so expressly by providing for a minimum term of imprisonment. It did not do so. A conditional sentence remains available if the circumstances establish that same would be fit and appropriate.
[48] The Ontario Court of Appeal commented upon blameworthy conduct for dangerous driving offences in R. v. L. (J.) at para. 3 where it was stated:
...the particular offence is very much driven by individual factors, especially the blameworthiness of the conduct. The more that the conduct tends towards demonstrating a deliberate endangerment of other users of the road and pedestrians, the more serious the offence and the more likely that a lengthy prison term will be required.
[62] The problem in crafting an appropriate sentence in a case like this is that the court is faced with, on the one hand, the untimely and tragic death of a young child. The experience of losing a child in these circumstances is beyond the imaginable. On the other hand, the court must impose a sentence on a relatively youthful, extremely remorseful offender having low moral blameworthiness, with a young family who are dependent on his emotional and financial support, and who comes before the court for the first, and what I anticipate will be the last, time.
[36] In all the above cases, the sentence imposed, whether to jail or under house arrest, was in the reformatory range; that is, up to two years, less one day. Having regard to the aggravating and mitigating factors in the present case, I find that to be a proportionate sentence in the present case.
[37] The seriousness of this offence can scarcely be overstated. It is a tragedy for all concerned. Primarily so for the family of Lucas Thomas. An extended family is devastated. Tragic as well for Ms. Bakker who is painfully aware of the harm she has caused and is consumed with guilt.
[38] The Crown says the mitigating effect of Ms. Bakker’s good background does not diminish her moral blameworthiness. I disagree. In any event, the nature and extent of her misconduct in this offence is relevant to blameworthiness.
[39] Ms. Bakker was not under the influence of alcohol or involved in other high-risk behaviour such as making frequent and abrupt lane changes, street racing or road rage. That she was speeding – 123 km/hr in a 110/hr zone – is relevant but not significant. The reason this terrible event happened is that she was not paying attention to what was in front of her such that she collided into the victim’s vehicle without any attempt to brake. Given the agreed statement of facts it reasonable to conclude that her distraction was relatively brief in time. Indeed, her misconduct is less than that of the offenders in all cases referenced above. Of course, these observations about the offender do not alter the seriousness of the offence.
[40] The record before me makes it clear that there is no need for the Court to act to specifically deter Ms. Bakker from future criminal activity or assist in her rehabilitation. The only issues at play are denunciation and general deterrence; that is, the sentence must condemn what Ms. Bakker has done and send a warning message to others. In many, if not most, cases only a jail sentence can send that message. The present case is an exception.
[41] In balancing the seriousness of this offence – at the highest end of the spectrum – with the moral blameworthiness of this offender – at the lower end of the spectrum – I conclude that a CSO is justified and appropriate.
[42] Section 742.1 of the Code lists four criteria that a court must consider before deciding to impose a conditional sentence: (1) the offender must be convicted of an offence that is not punishable by a minimum term of imprisonment; (2) the court must impose a term of imprisonment of less than two years; (3) the safety of the community would not be endangered by the offender serving the sentence in the community; and (4) a conditional sentence would be consistent with the fundamental purpose and principles of sentencing set out in ss. 718 to 718.2. There is no dispute that the first three criteria are met in this case. Where the Crown and Defence part company is with respect to whether a CSO in this case serves to denounce and (generally) deter.
[43] Denunciation and deterrence can be reflected through a conditional sentence, even in the most serious offences. The Court of Appeal for Ontario explained this in R. v. Kutsukake, 2006 ONCA 32593, a case involving criminal negligence causing death.
[44] House arrest is not jail. It is, however, a significant restriction on liberty. Moreover, unlike jail, there is no remission. The sentence will be served in full, without parole.
[45] The CSO will be for the maximum term allowable, and the house arrest will be for the duration of that term. The house arrest and exceptions to it will be subject to electronic monitoring. The sentence is punitive, effective, and meaningful.
CONCLUSION
[46] Ms. Bakker will serve a conditional sentence for a period of two years, less one day, in accordance with the electronic supervision program and subject to these terms:
- Report immediately to a supervisor of conditional sentence orders and thereafter, as required;
- Perform 240 hours of community service work, to begin within 60 days and to be completed at not less than ten hours per month;
- With respect to the exceptions to house arrest, I note that Ms. Bakker is a single woman who lives in an apartment with her three-year-old Golden Retriever. This order lasts for two years. There will be a limited exception to accommodate this fact. Ms. Bakker will have to rely on family and friends to take care of the dog at other times.
- Remain on the property her residence, except as follows:
- Medical emergencies;
- To go directly, to and from, and be at employment, religious observance, community service work, counselling, medical and legal appointments;
- To shop for the necessities of life for a four-hour period per week;
- To be outside with her dog for a one-hour period each day;
- Except for medical emergencies, she must provide the dates and times for the foregoing exceptions to the supervisor, in advance of such activities.
- For any other exceptional purpose that may be approved of by the supervisor.
[47] In addition, Ms. Bakker is prohibited from driving for a period of seven years. She will provide a sample of her DNA and pay the victim fine surcharge within 60 days.
Released: May 13, 2025
Signed: Justice J. De Filippis